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14 12 2020 Sublevel caving Britannica method of underground mining In mining Sublevel caving This method owes the first part of its name to the fact that work is carried out on many intermediate levels that is sublevels between the main levels The second half of the name derives from the caving of the hanging wall and Read More
Topic 7 Underground Mining Methods Longwall Sublevel Caving Block Caving Hassan Z Harraz hharraz2006 yahoo 2014 2015 This material is intended for use in lectures presentations and as handouts to students and is provided in Power point format so as to allow customization for the individual needs of course instructors
slice Mining continues upwards towards the surface until the ore body is depleted Sublevel Caving Sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the ore body through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible Mining now proceeds underground underneath the open pit At first both a raise and a network of tunnels are made
Draw control strategies in sublevel caving mines A baseline mapping of LKAB s Malmberget and Kiirunavaara mines by G Shekhar A Gustafson P Boeg Jensen† L Malmgren† and H Schunnesson 86 474 The Malmberget and Kiirunavaara mines are the two largest underground iron ore operations in the world Luossavaara Kiirunavaara AB
Block caving technique is a mass mining method in which gravity is used in combinationwith internal rock stresses to fracture and break the rock mass into pieces that can be handled by miners This method is normally used the sublevel stoping mining method
of sublevel cave stopes In particular the effects of increased sublevel intervals were investigated in order to under stand their impact upon stop recovery The investigation included review of the flow theory for caving rock physical model tests and underground mine
The successful implementation of sublevel caving SLC at Ridgeway Gold Mine Ridgeway requires the technical aspects of caving and flow behaviour to be understood Cave propagation must be controlled and continuous to allow safe extraction of ore below The understanding and use of processes to manage granular flow behaviour are also required to ensure economic
22 02 2019 Sublevel caving is one of the main underground mining methods for hard rock mining and there are limited studies about its long term production scheduling In this paper an integer linear programming IP model with the objective of net present value NPV maximization is developed for production scheduling that is suited for sublevel caving method
28 12 2015 If we possess exact and detailed information about the gravity flow of the blasted rock in the sublevel and if we carry out an exact planning and control especially of the drilling and loading operations we can turn the modified sublevel caving method into an effective cheap and above all a safe mining method 2
30 03 2018 The non pillar sublevel caving method with large structural parameters used in Mao Gong Iron Mine is of high rate of dilution and loss and the ore recovery rate is less than 50 Aiming at this pr
sublevel stopping mining methods The field data from sublevel caving method applied in the ore bodies Tilva Ros and P 2A of Jama Bor were very helpful The idea was to design a new improved meth od suitable for application in this copper mine A part of investigation related to the optimization of method parameters and
1 SUBLEVEL CAVING SLC 1 1 Basic considerations Sublevel caving is a mass mining method based upon the utilization of gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste rock Kvapil 1998 It relies on the principle that ore is fragmented by blasting while the overlying host rock fractures and caves under the action of mine induced stresses and
04 08 2010 8 4 2b Sublevel Caving Sublevel caving shares many similarities with block caving with one notable exception which is responsible for this method the orebody is competent and will not cave under its own weight The host rock on the other hand is weak and caves behind the ore as it is extracted
Sublevel caving SLC is an underground mass mining method where the orebody is divided into a regular network of tunnels The ore is extracted by level working downwards through the orebody The caved waste from the overlying rock mass fills the void created by ore extraction generating a dynamic mixing situation between the broken ore and the waste dilution from
23 01 2019 Sublevel caving comprises a series of repetitive activities and is ideally suited to automation Syama is well suited to the sublevel caving mining method because of its scale width orientation and uniformity of grade Unlike other bottom up caving methods block cave panel cave sublevel cave mining is a top down method
run of mine and Malmberget mine about 14 Mt Sublevel caving is the mining method used at these mines LKAB has a history of using sublevel caving at its mines and throughout the years it has introduced significant improvements to keep production costs at desirable levels It should be mentioned that other mining
Reconciliation of the recovered resource is an important instrument for assessing the performance of sublevel caving mines While the quality of reconciliation has improved significantly the method requires a significant period of production
Definition of sublevel caving i Successively lower sublevels are developed and caved back until the entire block has been mined This method is intermediate between block caving and top slicing since part of the ore is mined as in top slicing and part is caved
21 04 2013 IntroductionSublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible Mining now proceeds underground underneath the open pit At first both a raise and a network of tunnels are made At different sublevels jumbos are used for long hole drilling drilling directly
Production scheduling determines the most beneficial mining sequence over the life of a mine Developing a schedule that meets all mining aspects can substantially reduce mining costs and increase profitability Among all underground mining methods the sublevel caving method is a common method with moderate development requirements a high production rate and a high
The invention discloses a sublevel shrinkage caving stage open afterwards filling mining method In the earlier stage of stoping caved ores are utilized to support surrounding rocks on a top tray and in the later stage of stoping a goaf area is filled with fillers to control ground pressure so as to achieve safe and efficient mining
25 06 2010 Sublevel caving is usually carried out when mining of the orebody through an open pit method is no longer economically feasible Mining now proceeds underground underneath the open pit This
09 05 2016 LKAB operates two underground iron ore mines located in the northern part of Sweden both using sublevel caving SLC as the mining method Knowledge of the mechanisms of gravity flow is important since it affects both ore recovery and waste dilution
sublevel stopping mining methods The field data from sublevel caving method applied in the ore bodies Tilva Ros and P 2A of Jama Bor were very helpful The idea was to design a new improved meth od suitable for application in this copper mine A part of investigation related to the optimization of method parameters and
12 4 Underground mining method Sublevel caving Induces free displacement of the country rock overlying an orebody Ore and waste are fragmented using blast holes drilled upwards from headings Explosive consumption in blasting is high Mining progresses downwards in an orebody with each sublevel being progressively eliminated as mining
03 03 2017 Description of sublevel caving method An underground mining method used in large steeply dipping orebodies where the wall rock is of an incompetent nature Parallel drives are developed in the ore on equally spaced levels
30 03 2018 The non pillar sublevel caving method with large structural parameters used in Mao Gong Iron Mine is of high rate of dilution and loss and the ore recovery rate is less than 50 Aiming at this pr
Current longwall mining method applied in the mine The current method used in the above mentioned mines is a sub level longwall caving retreat method In this method the face is formed perpendicular to the seam strike and implemented in the form of slices 7 5 m thick from the top downwards Figure 1 Because the geotechnical properties
underground mining engineering 30 2017 19 27 udk 62 university of belgradefaculty of mining and geology yu issn original scientific paper methodology for optimization of coefficient for ore recovery in sublevel caving mining method
01 05 2016 Ÿ Single level caving which is a variant for sublevel caving is the most appropriate mining method for extraction of ore at 370ml because it meets the criteria of safety flexibility and low cost Ÿ The variant of Sublevel caving single level caving had the lowest development costs after the three mining methods were designed and analysed
The paper Draw Control Optimization along the Production Drift in Sublevel Caving Mines by Shekhar G Gustafson A Boeg Jensen P and Schunnesson H tails some outstanding work regarding draw control in a well known Swedish mining operation and is worthwhile reading
Reconciliation of the recovered resource is an important instrument for assessing the performance of sublevel caving mines While the quality of reconciliation has improved significantly the method requires a significant period of production history in excess of 18 months before valid local conditions can be incorporated in recovery estimates
According to the source of gas emission from sublevel mining fully mechanized caving mining face the gas emission of nine sublevel fully mechanized caving mining faces that have been mined in the Adaohai Coal Mine in recent years are counted and the following statistical methods are used 8 9 1 In the maintenance shift at the initial mining stage of the working
30 03 2018 The non pillar sublevel caving method with large structural parameters used in Mao Gong Iron Mine is of high rate of dilution and loss and the ore recovery rate is less than 50 Aiming at this pr
The loss and dilution of ore by sublevel caving mining method is influenced by gravity flow principles of caved granular materials rocks Gravity flow of broken rock muck in dipping narrow veins is complex
Cave Mining Today s Challenges The industry perception is that sublevel caving is a dirty mining method i e high dilution and low recovery However there were several successful sublevel cave mines executed in the past The success of a sublevel cave mine is not by chance they are engineered to perform